Paving composition



l Patented Sept. 26, 1933 ppNIrEo STATES v 1,928,30-I t. .AVING coMPcsrrIoNv Glenn H. Alvey; ,San AntcnioQTex., assignor'fto Uvalde RockAsphalt Company, San lmtcnio,v Tex., a corporation of Texas No Drawing. Application March.: 9,`

VSerial No. 597,796

e claims. '401.110'6-31ii This invention relates' to paving compositions and is a continuationin part of applicants copending application Serial No. 561,601, filed September 8, 1931. v

More particularly the invention relates to the use of emulsified asphalt cement in asphalt compositions containingupulverized natural limestone rock asphalt and sand, gravel, crushed rock,'or other suitable mineral aggregates generally used 1,0 in such compositions as are adaptable for use as l gojporting', spreading andcompressing them cold,

or storing them for later use; while at the same tinieinsuringv the full advantage and merit residing inthe use of vpulveriz'e'd natural limestone rock`-$phalt as a ller.

The advantages resulting from using such com- 30 there using/ them at once or storing them for Y' positions cold'are several, A'such as economyV in `man'ufacture; .ability" to prepare'such composi-v tions at' points remote from the locality oi their use, transporting them tothe point of ruse and Ause at a later time; the ease of application, reduiring only the'inost simple equipment and small "crevvsjjofmunskilled labor; adaptability to both..v

` newdnwstrutifn and maintenance With especial YFor thei'mrpose of description' of Y design-and 35 'reference toeconomy inthecas'evof small' projects and intermittent usevvheretlie yexpense vof elab- "crate equipment becomes burdensome; the compositions may Vbe 4compressed immediately after opened to traffic, thusavoiding costlydelays.

` generally v"contain a 'volatile solvent which revquiresevaporation` before" the mixture attains its maximumstability, thereby limiting such compositions `lto 'structural porosity compatiblel with the nef'iess'ary evaporation of the diluent'.- Many of the'svo-called coldf application compositions areY soin name only,as experience has shown that- 50"they`harden yor stiifen during transportation or storageV to such extent that they require'heating 4before theycanbe economically handled and apy plied. Sov far'as iskriovvm none ofthe cold application products up to this time have embodied the superior qualities offpulverizedenatural .limepractice.` n l The,useofemulsied asphalt/hasv not beenfsuc- 75 "preparatiomone composition-'of thesheet asphalt.

. "must not-'be' construed as va limitation since-the While it is true'that compositions vhave been developed for cold application, such compositions binations fIn the example, whch'is given forthe'purposer 1140 stone rock asphalt-filler nor vhave they been' satisfactorily susceptible toY manufacture `either hot or cold; While at'the saine timebeing actually and readily transportable, storable,` workable fand compressibl'ewithout the application' of heat and 60 'Y yet resulting in a nal product .of high stability, suitable for all conditions'of'traic and climate v and for applicationupon anyadequate basel or foundation. y f Y The present inventionfrelates particularly. to Q5 the manufacture, either hot-Sor cold, ofV a composition for cold-application using"` an emulsifi'ed vasphaltjas the bindiiigcement',Whichialso acts as aA softening agent for the-naturally lcontained hard bitumen ofthe pulverized naturallimestone 70 rock asphalt filler, *and` describes 'inidet'ail new 'advantages accruingfrom the/use of. emul'sied asphaltandhowthese may be obtained in actual cessful in the case of re grained silica-sands due to the tendency of the bitumen coating of :the sand grains to strip orpeel off during manipulay tion while the emulsion is in the process of break- 4ing or curing," thus rendering such compositions .go

useless.l Three separateY manufacturing p'roce- VduresV` have` -be'e'ny foundV which will preventi this troublesome stripping of the bitumen from the surface ofthe mineral particles and at theK same time produce compositions which" are surprisingly Workabl'ef and compressiblefunder the conditions Vandy with the equipment commonto the construction Aof bituminous pavement surfaces'.

Atype containing a Y silica sandfpu'lverized natural 7 limestonefrockasphalt i'lller` and emulsied as- 'i phalt, Will'begiven. VIt is to'be`"understood that their-application and the-'pavement immediately this is sol`elyfor the purpose. of 'descriptidnfand'-95 same' principles which applyto the design" 'and 'preparationoff mixture lof the various u'type willi bevfollowed in-tlie use of thisller andA emulsiiied of limestone rock asphaltdust the same procedure. Y

`Wll be followed as isoutlined inl detail in application semina-2561501, it beinguderstpod'that .trial anderror'methods of empirical design may 105 bfiis'd tui;l that the preferred method'wiii foilow; the lines of'rationaldesign 'basedupo'n a determination ofthe voidsin the aggregate-filler'comfollowing analysis:

Passing'ac mshSieven-l Passing iO-meslfisieve;Vn

Passing `IO-mesh sieve 71.3

Retained lll-mesh sieve Specific gravity at 7'7 F Palverized natural Zimestonefrockrasphalt filler Percent Passing S25-mesh sieve 48.4` Passing 20D-mesh sieve 1.17.0 Passing SO-mesh sieve '20l3' Passing L10V-mesh sieve 12.6 l Passing l-mesh sieve 1.7 .Specific gravityat 'FHF-.5 native bitumenr present `2.342 VSpecific gravity atl'l" F., bitumen-free k2.690 Voids 29.3

Naturally containedbitumen 11.1,

` ,"Em'ulsifed asphalt Any of the Water-externalemulsified asphalts which are or may be commercially available and which aresuitablefor mixingoperations may be used, providing they containu an asphalt `of such consistency that when itV becomes `fluxed with the native bitumen'of the-natural limestone rock asphalt filler-it Will produce inthe final composition an asphalt cement of desiredconsistency.

k1After'thedetermination,ogfgthe voids kin the combination of the; naturaL limestone rock Y as- Iphalt dust andthe sandorother.- mineral aggregates, the total bitumenrequired for the mixture is calculated to approximately iill the voids in the -compacted mineral aggregate, Aand the mixture is l'theni prepared in; accordance with" -oneof the followingl predetermined methods: v 1. The raw, cold sand orv othermineral.aggre-A gate inproper quantity'is charged into the mixer f which may be any mixingdevice suitable forthe preparation of asphalt paving compositions (hand mixing may also be used iflpreferred), to` w h ich `is added the full quantityjof emulsii'ledV asphalt required in the Composition, `and the two mixed together until ,the-mineral -aggregate is thorough-A ly coatedwith the emulsion. Then thepredetermined charge ofvnaturallimestone rockV asphalt piiller is added and the whole, thoroughly vmixed until a uniform color resultsgindicating that the f iine particles of the llerhavebecome thoroughly distributed andhave attached themselves -to thebitumen coated `mineral,*..particles Whilev I, these ingredients arestill in .themixen a small amount ofwaterj is added Whichniay bean amount equal to approximately Utwenty per cent .f v of the weight of the rockrasphalt I iller containedx in the final composition., The mixingis 'then continueduntil the water hasbecome thoroughly dispersed throughout the mixture;

;It is Yobvious that the additional water can be dispensed with for several reasons Forexample,

emulsipnmay be usedwhich contains the necesi .sary additional Water; the emulsionY may be ture to preclude- 'the useV ofthe acliitiorialy Water.Y

diluted Awith lvvater .prior to using; in some` cases the aggregate itself may contain jsuicient mois- 2. The procedure "is" exactlyA the sameas out- 1 lined under No. 1 above exceptthat thefs'and orf othermineral aggregate" shall' have been? previously heat treated to a relatively high temperaf jcludev the preheatingV of the natural limestone 250 to 400'F. more or less; isdepositedin the. mixen The cold asphalt emulsion is then introduced and the twofingredients thoroughly mixed after which the dry rock asphalt ller is added. Voids, by-volume 32.3 j

`lined under No. 1 above.

The procedure of anyof the above methods of mixture preparation may be modified 'to inrockasphaltlfllerdust to a temperature of from A`T200' to 240 vF. more or less in order to draw the naturally contained bitumen to the surface of the ller grains.

In manufacturing asphalt compositions within the lsoopeof this inventionf,"the plant equipment, tools 'and procedure common to the yindustry can be used'without modification. Y

, From this point on the prepared mixture may rbe stored 'for later'use or immediatelyappliedy 100 upon the base or foundation, compressedby rollingor tamping, and opened to traic.

l1. A method of `'preparing a bituminous paving composition adaptable to compression' in' an un- 105 heated condition `consisting jin" mixing] non- .bituminous mineral aggregate with a water exe ternal bituminous emulsion Vuntil Vvthe former is thorouglilx'r,v Coated, With the emulsion,- adding previously heat treated pulverized bitumen-'con- N110' ftaining filler to the mixture,and` iinallysupplying an additional amount Jof Water and continuing the mixing operation untilhoniogeneous. 2. A method'of preparing' abituminous paving y@ oompositiona'daptable to 'compression in an un- 115 temperature nonb itumino1-1s mineral aggregate, previouslyl heat-treated to a temperatureiofj approximately 700 Fahrenheit,' .wth a water'exter .Y nal bituminous emulsion until. .the i ,latter thorouglily coats 'the iorrner. and. adding pulverized `bitumoricontaining filler Aand continuingr the mixing operation until results.

a hxirnc'igtneous y'rfnixture composition adaptable to compression an unheated condition; which consistsin mixingairtemperature non-bituminous minral aggregate,

li.-1A method of preparinga bituminouslpav- 1 ing composition adaptable` topompression, in an unheated condition'which consists in ymixing' air-J' 4o l previously4 heat-treated to a temperatuie ,of ape temperaturev nonfbituminous mineral aggregate,

proximately 70W-Fahrenheit.,witha Awater exf ternal .bituminous emulsion V-until the latter Athoroughly coats ,the formerand addinglpulver-m ized4 :bitumen-containing fillerwhich lhas been previously'heat-treatedA andvcontinuing the mix- .ing -operationuntil a homogeneous mixture results.x f

5. The ,ofA preparingy a paving ooinppsi-4 tion which consists in mixingmineral aggregate with emulsied asphalt until the former is thoroughly coated with the emulsion, adding pulverized natural limestone rock asphalt to the mixture and iinally supplying an amount of Water equal approximately to twenty per-cent of the weight of the rock asphalt filler contained in the final composition.

6. The method of preparinga paving compo- .sition which consists in mixing mineral aggregate heated to a temperature ranging from about 250 degrees to 400 degrees Fahrenheit with emulsied asphalt, adding natural limestone rock asphalt dust, and finally supplying water to theAv mixture in an amount equal approximately to of the rock asphalt filler contained in the final composition.

8. The method of .preparing a paving composition which consistsv in mixingrmine'ral1 "aggregate preheated to a temperature of about '700 degrees Fahrenheit land cooled to air tempera.

ture -with emulsied asphalt, y adding natural limestone rock asphalt dust, and nally supplying water to thefmixture in an amount. equalV approximately to twenty per cent of 'the weight ofthe rock asphalt filler contained in the final composition.

' 9. The method ofv preparing a paving composition which consists in'mixing mineral aggregate preheated to a temperature ofv about 700'degrees Fahrenheit and cooled to vair temperature with emulsied asphalt, adding natural limestone rock asphalt dustpreheated to a temperature aboutk 200 to 240 degrees Fahrenheit, and finally supplying water tothe mixture in an amountequal approximately to twenty per cent of the weight of the vrock asphalt filler1 contained in the Viinal composition.Y i y kGLENN H. ALvEizl 

